GLOSSARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL TERMS

© 2001 Higueras

English: abacus abandonment aboriginal above-sea-level abrasion abrasive stone abrupt abscess absolute dating absorption abstract abundance abutment access accessory accumulation accuracy achieved status achievement acidity acquired activity activity area acute adaptation add, to added additive administrative adult adze aeolian aeolian deposits aerial photograph[y] aerial reconnaissance affinity age age estimate aged agent agglomeration aggregate aging agrarian agricultural field agriculture air air-cured air-vent alembic algae alidade alignment alkaline alkaloid alloy alluvial alluvial fan alluvium altar alternate alternating altimeter altitude alveolar amber ammunition amorphous amphibian amphora amulet analogue analogy analysis anatomical anatomy ancestor anchor anchovy ancient andean angle angle fillet animal animism anklet annealing annual annular annular brooch anomalous anthropogenic anthropology anthropometric anthropomorphic antler anvil aperture apex appendage appendix appliqué appraisal approach apron aqueduct arbitrary level arch archaeobotany archaeological archaeological context archaeological culture archaeological deposit archaeological site archaeological structure archaeologist archaeology archaeomagnetic dating archaeomagnetism archaeometry archaeozoology architectural archive area argue, to argument aristocracy arm armband armchair armour army arrangement arris arrow arrowhead arsenic arsenical bronze arsenical copper arthritis articulated articulation artifact artisan ascribed ascribed status ash ashlar assay assemblage assembled assistant association astrolabe asymmetry atlas atlatl atmosphere attribute attrition atypical auditory ossicles auger augering authority autochthonous average avocado awl axe axe head axis axle back back strap loom backbone back-dirt backed blade backed border back-filling background badge bag baize bake, to balance balanced ball ballista ballpoint pen baluster band bandage bank [river] bank note banner bar bar plot barb barbed point barbed wire barbican bark barn barometer barrel barrow barter basal [litic.] basalt base base-line basin basket basketry bas-relief basting bastion bat batch bath baton batten [text.] battleaxe battlement baulk baulk wall bay bayonet beach bead beaker beam bean bearing beast of burden beater bed bedrock bee beehive beeswax behavior bell bell curve bellows belt bench bend bend, to bevel beveled bias bichrome biconical drilling biface bifacial bifacial flaking bilateral bilaterally barbed bill bin biological anthropology bipolar percussion bird birth bivalve black blade blade industry bladelet blanket bleaching agent bleeding cup blind block block [ciudad] blood blow blow, to blowpipe [tool] blunted board boat bobbin body body sherd body weigth bog boil boiler boilerplate bolster, to bolt [lock] bond bone bone industry bonnet book boot boot-leg tomb border borer botany bottle bottle neck bottleneck boulder boundary boundary marker bow bow, to bowl box box-and-fill technique bracelet bracket braid braiding branch branding iron brass brazier break break, to breakage breakfast brick bridge bridged-spout bridle broad broadsword brocade bronze brooch brow brown brush brushing buccal bucket buckle build, to building bulb bulb of percussion bulbar scar bull bullet bundle burial burial chest burial mound burial platform burial urn burin burin blow technique burin facet burin spall burn, to burned burnish, to burnisher burnishing burnt flint burr bury, to bushel bust butchery butt button buzzer cabin cabinet cache cadastral cadastre cage calcareous calcified calcined calcium calculation calendar calendrical system calibration caliper camelid camera camp campaign can candle candle holder [stand] cane canine canister cannibalism cannon cannon ball canoe canted cantilever arch canvas canyon cap capacity cape capstone capsule capture, to carbon carbon sample carcass card cardboard carder carding carding comb carinated carnivore carpal bone carpet carriage carry, to carrying capacity cart cartilage cartography cartridge carve, to carved carved stone carving case case study cash crop cask casket cast cast, to cast, to casting casting seam casting waste castle catalogue cataloguing catapult catastrophe theory catch, to catchment area category cauldron causeway cave cavity ceiling cell cemetery censer center central central Andes central place theory central platform centralized ceramic ceremonial center ceremonial knife ceremonial object ceremonial staff ceremonial well cervical chafing dish chain chain stitch chair chalcedony chalice chamber chamber pot chance chandelier change channel character characterization charcoal charger chariot charm charred chart chart checkered checkerwork cheekbone chemical chemistry chequered chert chess piece chessboard chest chevron chew, to chief chiefdom chimney chip chisel chiseled chi-square test chopper chroma chronic chronicle chronology chronometric chronometric dating cinnabar circular circumscription cist cistern city civilization clamp clasp classic classification classless clast claw clay clean, to cleaning cleft palate cliff climate clinometer clip clippers cloak clock close closed closed finds close-up cloth clothes hanger clothing club cluster cluster analysis coarse-grained coast coat cob cobble cobblestone road coccyx cochineal code coding coetaneous coeval coexistence coffer coffin coiling coin colander cold cold-working collagen collapse collar collarbone collateral flaking collection collector colluvium colorant color-chart column comb combing commanding staff commemorative commode community community land comparative comparison compass competition compilation complementary warp weaving complex complexity component composite composite tool composition compound compound [chem.] compression computer computer aided drawing concave concentration conchoid conchoidal flake conclude, to conductivity condyle cone confidence level configuration conical conjoining connection conoid conqueror conservation constricted construction consumer consumption container contemporary content context contextual seriation continuous contour interval contour line control control point controlling convention convex cook, to cooked cooking cooking stone cooking vessel coordinate copper coprolite copy, to corbel corbelled arch cord cordilleran core core, to core-like corer cork corkscrew corner cornice corporate-labor correlation corridor corroded corrosion cortex cortex removal cortical cortical reserved zone cortical zone cost costrel costume cot cotton couch count count, to countryside court cover cover, to covering cow web crack cracked cradle craft production craftsman cranial bone craniometry creel cremation crenellated crest crested blade crew crib crimping critical point crofting crop cross crossbow cross-cultural cross-dating crossed cross-hatching crossing cross-knit stitch cross-section view cross-stitch crowbar crown crucible crucifix cruet crushed crushing stone crust crutch crystal cubic meter cuirass cult cultigen cultural cultural anthropology cultural heritage cultural resource management culture culture history culture sequence culture-area cumulative cuneiform cup cupboard cure, to currency current curse curve curved cusp cut cut, to cutlery cut-mark cut-stone cutting blade cycle cylinder cylindrical dagger daily dam dark dark earth darkroom dart dash line data database date dating datum datum plane daub daylight deadline death death mask death rate debitage debitage axis debris decapitate, to decay decoration decorative deduction deductive deep deer defect defensive deficiency deforestation deformed deformed skull degree deity delineation demographic profile demography dendrochronology density denticulate dentin dentition depart, to dependent variable depletion depletion gilding deployed depopulation deposit deposited deposition deposition context depth description desert design designation desk deterioration detritus development diachronic diadem diagram diameter diaphragm diaphysis diary dibble dice diet differentiation diffusion dig, to digging stick dihedral dimorphism diptych direct direct control director dirt dirty disarticulated disarticulation discharge discontinuous discriminant analysis disc-shaped disease dish dismemberment dispersal display distaff distal distance distortion distribution disturbance disturbed disturbed area ditch diversity diversity index divided division division of labor divisory document doll domestic domestication door doorway dorsal bladelet dorso dot double headed double spout double-cloth double-faced dovetail draft drain drain pipe drain, to drainage draughtsman drawer drawing drawing board drawing set dress dressed stone drill drinking vessel drive, to drop drum dry dry sieving dry, to dry-freezed dry-freezed potatoes drying dry-land farming dry-stone wall duct dump dung dust dustpan duty duty, on dwelling dye dyed dynamic ear ear spool early Early Horizon Early Intermediate Early Intermediate period earplug earring ear-shaped handle earth earthquake earthwork east eat, to ebb eccentric ecofact ecological complementarity ecological determinism ecology economy ecosystem edge edged weapon effigy effigy vessel egalitarian egalitarian society egg-shaped elasticity elder electrical resistivity electricity electrochemical replacement gilding electrolysis electronic element elevation elite emblem embossing embroidery empire empirical empiricism empty enamel encase, to enclosure end end scraper endangered endogamy energy engineering engrave, to engraved engraving tool enlarger enrichment entrance envelope environment environmental archaeology environmental circumscription epaulette epiphysis epoch equation equipment eraser eroded erosion erratic error range essay established estate estimate estimating estuary etching ethical ethmoid ethnic group ethnicity ethnoarchaeology ethnobotany ethnographic analogy ethnography ethnohistory ethnology evolution examination excavation excavation grid exchange exhibit exit exogamy expansion experimental archaeology explanation exploitation exploration explosion explosive weapon exposure extended extended skeleton extent external extract extreme eye eyesight eyewitness fabric face facetted facing technique factor analysis faience fake fall-off analysis fall-off model false false head falsework fan fan farming farming practice fastening fat faucet fauna faunal analysis feast feather feature feeder canal feeding bottle feline feline motif femur fence fence, to fertility fertilizer fiber fibula field field data forms field notes fieldstone figure figurine file filigree fill fill, to filled framework film film processing filter filtration fin find find, to fine-grained finger finger ring fingernail finishing finishing technique fire fire cloud fire, to firearm firebrick fire-crack fire-cracked rock fireplace firewood firing first flake fish fish scale fish smoker fish spear fish, to fishhook fishing net fishing rod fishing-line fish-tail fissure fix, to fixed flag flagon flake flake industry flaked surface flake-scar flaker flaking flaking angle flaking-tool flanged flaring neck flash flood flask flat flatter flax flexed flexed skeleton flint flint-maize floating flood flood plain floodgate floor floor plan floor tile floor-tile floppy disk flotation flour-maize flow flowerpot fluid flute fluted fluvial deposits focus fog fog-meadows foil folding knife food food chain food-stress foot footwear forager foreground foreign forensic anthropology forest forged forging fork form format formation process Formative period fort fortress fossil fossilization foundation fountain fountain pen fracture fracture front fragment frame freeze, to frequency frequency seriation frieze fringe front frontier fruit frying pan fuel full-coverage full-time function fund, to funding funerary funerary urn funnel fur furnace furnishing furniture furrow fused fusion gable end gable roof gallery game gaming board gaming chip gaming piece garden garrison gate gather, to gatherer gauge gauze gear gear [auto] gearbox gemstone gender general-utility index generic geochronology geoglyph geographic coordinates geographical information system [GIS] geological sample geology geometric microlith geometry geomorphology gilt gimlet girth glacial glaciation glass glaze global positioning system [GPS] globular gloss glove glue gnawing goat goblet gold goods gorge gouge gourd grade grade, to gradient grain granite granulation graph graph paper grass grassland grater grave grave goods grave marker grave slab gravel graver gravestone gray graze, to grenade grid gridding grid-system grille grind, to grinding groove ground ground plan ground reconnaissance ground water ground-cloth groundstone growth guardhouse guess, to guide guidelines guinea pig guitar gulf gully gun powder gutter habitation area habitation site hackle break hafted hair hairbrush hairpiece hairpin halberd half half-life hall hallucinogen hallway halves hamlet hammer hammered hammerstone hand hand luggage hand mirror hand-axe handgun handkerchief handle hand-level handling handstone hang, to hanger hanging bridge hard disk hardening hardness hardware harness harp harpoon Harris lines harrow harvest harvest, to hat hatch hatchet hatching head headband headdress headnet headscarf healed hear, to hearing heart hearth hearth firing hearthstone heat heated heavy hectare heddle [text.] heddle eye [text.] heddle hook [text.] heddle rod [text.] hegemony height heir helmet hematite hemp herbivore herd herding heterogeneous hidden hierarchy high high plateau highway hill hilltop hilltop site hinge hinged hinterland hipbone histogram historic historic particularism historical archaeology hoard hoe holder hole hollow homeostasis homestead homogeneity homogeneous honeycomb hood hook hoop horizon horizontal horizontal angle horn horn [shell] horse horseshoe hourglass house household household production hue human human remains humerus humidity hummingbird hunt, to hunter hunter-gatherers hunting hunting and gathering hunting horn hurdle husk hut hydration hydraulic hypothesis ice cap ice cores icon iconography identification identity idol ignite, to iliac crest ilium ill ill advised illness imagery imitate, to immunity impact point impression impurity in situ incense burner incense holder inch incised incision incisor inclination inclusion independent variable index indicator indigenous indirect indirect control indirect percussion individual induction industry inequality infant infection inference inflection information ingot ingot mould inhabitant inhumation Initial period injury ink inkbottle inlay, to innovation inorganic inscription insert, to instrument instrument height intaglio intensification intensity intensive agriculture interaction interaction sphere interface interlaced interlocked intermediate interpretation interval interview invader invasive invention inverse investment iron iron age iron pyrite irrigation irrigation ditch ischium island isle isotope isotopic analysis jacket jamb jar jar javelin jaw jerry can jewellery join, to joined joint judgmental sample jug juvenile kaolin kernel kettle key keyboard keystone keyword kill-site kiln kiln waste kingdom kinship kitchen knap, to knapped knapping knee kneeled knife knife, ceremonial knit, to knitting needle knot knot-string knotting knowledge labial labor lace lacing lacustrine ladder ladle lake laminar technique laminate, to lamp lance land use landscape language lantern lapis lazuli larger lasso last latch late Late Horizon Late Intermediate Late Intermediate period lavabo layer layout leaching lead leader leaf leafed arrowhead leaf-shaped lean lean, to leash leather leather-hard leg lens lens-shaped lenticular lesion letter levallois core levallois flake level leveled lever libation lid life life expectancy life span lifestyle lift, to light light, to lightning lightning limb lime limestone limestone limit line lineage linear line-level lingual link lintel lip lipid liquid lithic lithic industry lithic technology litter livestock living floor living room load load, to loam location lock lock stitch logistics loincloth long longevity long-house long-term lookout loom loom bar loom weight looping loop-stitch loose looting loss lost lost-wax lot low low angle lower body lowlands luck lug lump lunch lunch, to have luxury mace machete magnetism magnetometer magnifying glass maize-corn malleability mandible mangrove manioc mantle manuscript map map, to mapped mapping marble margin mark mark, to marker market market day marriage ring marsh masher mask masking tape mason masonry mass master - mastoid mat match, to material material culture matriarchy matrix mattress maturity maul mausoleum maxilla maximum mean meaning measure, to measurement measuring rod measuring tape measuring vessel meat mechanical mechanically medal medallion medicine bottle melt, to melted melting point melting pot memory merchant merged mesh mesial mesolithic metacarpal metallographic examination metallurgy metalsmith metalwork meter method mice microblade microburin microdenticulate microenvironment microlith microscope microwear midden middle Middle Horizon middle range theory middleman migration milestone military military standard mill millingstone mine mineralization mineshaft miniature object minimum minimum number of individuals mirror mix, to mobility mode mode of production model moderate moisture molar mold mold, to molded mollusk monochrome monolith monthly mordant morphological axis morphology mortality mortar mortar and stone mortuary analysis mortuary patterns mosaic motif motte mottled mould mound mount mountain area mouse mouth movement mow, to mud mud brick mud-wall muff mug multi-component mummification mummy mural muscle museum mutation muzzle myth mythical nail name narrow native copper natural level natural selection near near east nearest-neighbor analysis neck necklace neckless vessel necktie needle negative negative bulb negative of removal neighbor neolithic neolithic revolution net net float net sinker netting network new world niche niche nitrogen north nose nose pendant notch note nozzle nugget number nutrients nutrition oar obelisk objectivity oblique observation observation tower observatory obsidian obsidian hydration dating occupation occupation floor occupation surface occurrence ochre offering offering vessel oil ointment ointment jar old world open open area excavation open hearth open-air mine open-area excavation openwork orchard order ore organ organic organic matter orientation orifice ornament ossification ossuary osteology outcrop outside oval oven overhang overhanging cornice overhead overlapping and bending overlap-with-cuts owl oxidation oxide oxidizing atmosphere oxygen package pad paddle paddle-and-anvil padlock paint paint, to paintbrush paired palace palate paleoanthropology paleoecology paleoenvironments paleoethnobotany (archaeobotany) paleoindian paleolithic paleomagnetism paleontology paleopathology paleosol palisade pall palm palynology pan panel panpipe paper paperweight papyrus parade parallel parasol parchment partial particle part-time party passageway patchwork path pathology patina patriarchy pattern paved road pavement paving stone peak pebble peck peck, to [litic.] pectoral pedal pedestal pedology peeler peer-polities peg pelt pelvis pen pencil pendant pendulum penknife people percent percentage percussion percussion flaking percussive weapon perforated perimeter period perishable permeability pestle petrified wood petroglyph petrographic phalange phase phial phosphate phosphorous photocopy [xerox] photogrammetry photographic camera photo-mosaic physical physical anthropology phytolith pick pick up, to pickaxe pictograph picture frame piece pier pigment pilaster pile pillar pillbox pillow pin pincers pinching pipe pit pit firing pitcher pitchfork pithouse place plague plaid plain plain-weave plait plaiting plan plank plant plaque plaster plastic plasticity plate plated platform plating platter pleistocene pliers plot plot, to plough plough,to ploughmark plug plug, to plumb-bob plundering ply pod poignard point point point of view pointed pointy pole polish, to polished polished knife polished stone polisher polishing iron polity pollen pollution polychrome pond popcorn-maize population pore porosity porous porter portrait position positive post post hole post-depositional postfired post-mold pot pot boiler pot hunting potato potato flour potential pot-hunter potter potter-mark potters stamp potters wheel pottery pouch pound pour, to powder pre-ceramic preferred preform prehistoric prehistory premolar preparation preservation press pressure pressure flaking pressure platform prestige goods priest primary primary context primary deposit primary flakes principal principle print, to prisoner private property probabilistic sampling probability probe procedure process processing processual archaeology product production productivity profile profile drawing project projectile projectile point projection projector prong property property marker proportion proportional proposal protection prototype protractor provenience provisional provisioning proximal prune, to pubic symphisis publication pulley pump, to punch punctuated puppet purpose purse puzzle pyramid pyroengraved quadrant quadrat quadrilled qualitative quality quantification quantified quantitative quantity quarry quarrying quart quartz quartzite question quicklime quill radioactive decay radiocarbon radiocarbon dating radius raft rail railway rain rain forest rainfall raised raised fields rake ramp rampart random random sample random sampling random survey range range [error] rank ranked societies rank-size plot rasp rate ratio rattle ravine raw material razor reaction reamer reaper receiver recent reciprocity reconnaissance reconstruction record recording sheet recovery recurved redistribution reducing atmosphere reduction reed reed pipe refitting [litic.] refractory region regional survey register regression plot reign rein relation relationship relative relative dating reliability reliable relief religion reliquary remain, to remains remodeling remote control remote sensing removal remove, to repare, to replication report repoussé reptile rescue rescue archaeology research research design resharped flakes resharpen, to residence residue resilient resin resist painting resistivity resolution resorption resource rest, to restoration restore, to restricted restricted vessel result retaining wall retouch retouched retouched flake revetment review review, to rhyolite rib ribbon ridge ridged roof rim rind ring ring-building ripples ritual river riverbank riverine rivet riveted road robe robusticity rock alignment rock shelter rock art rocky rod rodent role rolling stone roof room root rope rotation rough draft roughout round rounded roundness route row rug ruin rule ruler ruling-class runner running- stitch rural sabre sack sacred sacrum saddle safe sail salinity salinization salt salvage sample sampling sampling bias sampling error sampling unit sampling universe sand sand glass sandal sandstone sandy sarcophagus sash saucepan saucer saw scabbard scaffold scale scale of production scaled scalpel scapula scar scarf scarp scatter scattered scavenge scepter schedule science scientific scissors scoop scotch-tape scraper scraping scratch screen screen wire screening screw scriber script scroll sculpture sea sea level seal sealing wax seam search search field search, to season seasonality seat secondary secondary burial secondary context secondary deposit secondary retouch section sector sedentary sedentism sediment sedimentary beds sedimentation sedimentology seed segment segmentary segmentary society selection selvage [text.] semispheric sensitivity sequence sequential abandonment seriation serpent serpentine serrated serving settled settlement settlement patterns sew, to sewer sewn sex sex estimate sexing sexual shackles shade shaft shaft [litic.] shaft tomb shaft-mine shape shape categories shape, to shaped shaping shaping out sharp sharpen, to sharpened sharpener sharpening spall shave shawl shear, to shears sheath shed shed rod sheep sheet sheeting shelf shelf edge shell shell midden shell, to shellfish sherd [shard] shield shift shirt shock resistance shoe shore shoreline short short term shot shotgun shoulder shouldered shovel shovel-screening shovel-test shower shrimp shrine shrinkage shroud shutter sickle side side scraper side-blade sieve sieve, to significance silicate silt silty clay silver similarity simple simulation single single-ply thread site site catchment analysis site museum site survey size skein skeletal remains skeleton sketch skillet skin skirt skirt, short- skull skull deformation sky slab slag slash-and-burn slate slaughter house slaugther yard sledgehammer sleeve sleeve clasp slice slice, to slide slide, to sling shot slip [pott.] slip [pott.] slipper slit slope slot slow small statue smaller smelting smock smoke smoked smooth smooth, to smoothed smoothing stone smudged [pott.] smuggling snail snake snap snout snuff-tablet soak, to soaked social social class social organization social ranking society socioeconomic sock socket sodium soil soil clod soil horizon soil resistivity soil texture soil-sample solder, to soldered soldering soldier sole solid solifluction soot sort, to sorted source south south coast sowing kit space spaced spade spall spangle spaniard spatial analysis spatula spear spear thrower spearhead specialization specialized specie specific spectacles [human] sphere spheres of exchange sphericity spider spike spill spin, to spindle spindle-whorl spine spinning wheel spinous spiral spiral line splinter splintered split split pin split, to sponge spongy spoon spout spring spring balance sprinkle, to spur square square meter squeezer stadia rod staff staff staffed deity stage stain stained glass stair stairway stake stalk stall stamp standard deviation standard error staple staple, to stapling starch state state property statistical analysis statistics statue stature status stave steamer stelae stem step step motif stepladder stepped step-trench stereoscope stereotypic sterile sternum stick stippling stirrup stirrup-spouted stitch stockade stole stone stonewall stoneware vessel stool stopper storage storage bin storage container storehouse storm stoup stove straight strainer strap strata stratification stratified stratified random sampling stratified random survey stratified sample stratified society stratified systematic sampling stratigraphic profile stratigraphy straw stream street strength stress striated striation striking platform string stripe stroke stronghold strontium structure strung up style stylized subjectivity subsistence subsistence economy substract, to subsurface detection subterranean sum up, to summary summer summit sumptuary sunken sunken court sunken plaza sunlight superciliary arches superposition supplementary supply support surface surface analysis surface scatter surface collection surface finish surface survey surgical instrument survey survey area surveying surveying staff suspend, to sustainable sustaining suture swamp sweat-welding sweeping sweet potato sword symbol symbolic symmetry synchronic synthesis syringe system systematic systematic sampling systematic survey systemic tab tabbing tabernacle table table of contents tack tag tail take, to tall tang [long narrow] tank tankard tap tape tapered tapered spout tapestry tapestry taphonomy target tarsal bone tassel tax taxation taxonomy team technique technology tectonic tectonic movements tectonic plate tectonic-uplift tell temper temperature tempered temple tenoned head tent tephra terrace terrain territorial territory tessera test test pit textile texture thatch roof thatch roof thaw, to theodolite theory thermal thermoluminescence dating thermoluminiscence thermometer thick thickness thiessen polygons thinning thin-section thin-section analysis thorax thought thread thread bobbin thread count three age system thresher threshing tray throat throne throw, to thunder tiara ticket ticket [air] tie-dye tile timber time tin today toggle token tomb tombstone tomorrow tongs tongue tool tool kit tooth [teeth] tooth pick toothbrush toothed top topographic map topography torc tourism tower town toy trace trace element trace element analysis trace, to tracing track trade tradition trailer trait trajectory transect transit [topo.] transition translation transport, to trap trap-door trapeze trash travel, to traverse tray tread treasure treatment tree tree-ring dating trench trephination trial and error, by triangle triangulation tribe tributary stream trident trim, to trip triple-cloth tripod tripod vessel triptych [religious] trophy head tropical forest trousers trowel trumpet truncated pyramid trunk tub tuber tuff tumulus tunic tunnel turban turn turn, to tusk tuyere tweezers twine twisting twist twist auger twist, to twisted two-faced cloth two-ply thread two-sided type type seriation type-variety typology typology ulna umbrella underground understanding underwater reconnaissance ungulate unidentified uniface unifacial flaking uniform uniformitarianism uninhabited union unit unplug unrestricted vessel unretouched uplift upper upper body urban urbanism urn use useful use-wear u-shaped u-shaped temple utilitarian utilization valley value valve variability variable variance variation variety varves vase vat vault vehicle veil velours ventilation ventral versant vertebrae vertical vertical angle verticality vessel vice victor view view-point village vine virgin visibility vitamin vitrification volcanic ash volcano votive model wagon walk-in well walking walking stick wall wall hanging wall hook wall painting walled ware warehouse warfare warm warming pan warp warp face warrior wash wash, to washed washer washing bowl waste waster [sherds] watch watchtower water water course water dropper water pipe water table waterlogged waterwork wattle wattle-and-daub wax way way of life way station weak wealth weapon wear weather weathered weave, to weaver weaving weaving batten weaving comb weaving tablet web wedge wedge, to weed weekly weep hole weft weft beater weft face weight weld, to welded well west wet, to wetland wheel wheelbarrow whetstone whip whistle white whitewashed wick width wig wild window wineskin winged winnowing basket winnowing fork winter wire wiring wood woodcut wool word processing work work force worked object worker workshop world world system wounded woven fabric wrap, to wrench wristband writing writing brush writing tablet x-ray diffraction analysis x-rays yard yarn yarn twister yesterday yield yoke zigzag zone zooarchaeology zoom zoomorphic

Spanish: ábaco